Monday, February 17, 2014

Of Anger, Adultery, Oaths, and Idiots -- Matthew 5:21-37



                                                               Epiphany 6A 2014
Father Adam Trambley
February 16, 2014 St.John’s Sharon

In today’s gospel, Jesus is continuing his teaching in the Sermon on the Mount.  He is drawing on the Old Testament, but doing something different with it.  In the Torah, the first five books of the Bible, God gave commandments, statutes and ordinance of how to live in a community of God’s people.  Some of the instructions were based on a recognition that life is messed up, that nobody’s perfect, and that we need a reasonable rule of law to keep society working.  Jesus is not providing guidelines for good government, however.  Jesus is laying out the principles for the eternal Kingdom of God. 

These ethics of the Kingdom that Jesus lays out, prepare us for eternal life in two ways.  First, living into Jesus’ instructions turns us into the kind of people that can be eternal citizens of the Kingdom of God.  Nobody wants to spend eternity with somebody walking around calling people names, staring, and ending every conversation by offering a pinky promise.  Second, only by living out Jesus commandments will we become people who could actually be happy living in an eternal community.  Unless we want to feel that we are trapped in heaven with a bunch of idiots, prostitutes, and liars, we have to stop seeing people that way, and begin to look upon people as the glorious, beloved creatures of God that we all are.  Trust me -- people who we avoid as unbelievably annoying today aren’t going to get less annoying when we get to spend eternity with them unless one of two things happens.  Either we leave the heavenly courts and go down to another floor because we’d rather be in hell than deal with them – and, if we’re honest, we’ve all felt that way about somebody sometime – or we learn to see them in a different light.  The Sermon on the Mount instructs us how to live like citizens of the Kingdom of God now, so that we can manage it when we experience it fully.

The first item Jesus addresses in today’s reading is murder.  Certainly unlawfully killing people is wrong.  Jesus says that just as wrong are the anger and scorn arising in the heart that are the internal states equivalent to the outward act of murder.  Attacking people with words, or even with glares and attitude, can be hurtful.  At the same time, all of those actions demonstrate an attitude of the heart which says we are somehow entitled to judge people.  We decide, based on whatever criteria are in our best interests at the moment, that we are better than other people.  We divide humanity into two groups – ourselves, and maybe a few people like us, and the vast multitude of fools, idiots, morons, goober-brains, doofusses, incompetents, slow drivers, frustrating coworkers, and, of course, people too stupid to figure out how to use a cash register correctly when we are in a hurry.  The more we write people off as somehow beneath us, the less we are able to love them, and the more we allow our own frustrations and resentments to overcome our peace and joy.  Psalm 1 says “Happy are they who have not…sat in the seats of the scornful” for a reason. When we look upon people with scorn, we trade the fruits of the Holy Spirit for the barrenness of our own selfishness, and we have placed ourselves outside the community of the Kingdom of God.

Just to be clear, Jesus is talking here about a certain kind of anger.  Anger in the face of injustice is a virtue that provides motivation to correct wrongs and protect the weak.  Virtuous anger is always directed toward the creation of a just order, however, and not towards revenge or retribution against individuals, and is never about me getting my way, however right I know that I am.

From murder, Jesus moves onto sex.  From Old Testament times, and almost every other time, people accepted that committing adultery was wrong.  Jesus goes beyond that, however, to say that looking at people with thoughts of committing adultery is pretty much the same.  When we stop looking at people as God’s beloved children and instead look at them as means to our own pleasure, we’re not ready for membership in the Kingdom of God.  Our sexuality is designed to draw us closer in love to other people and to bind together a marriage.  Leering glances, dwelling on sexual thoughts, and the entire industry devoted to pornography drive wedges between marriages and twist the focus of our sexual energies inward onto ourselves instead of outward in love and service of others.  Here we aren’t just talking about a thought or feeling that leaps through the mind.  Jesus’ discussion is more about whether we choose to dwell on and even act on lustful feelings, or if we strive to see people and treat people with the love that God has for them.

Jesus uses an exaggerated example to show how essential he sees this purity of heart.  “If your eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away.”  Church teaching is pretty clear that we aren’t supposed to take this passage literally – and having met no Christians recently with a self-inflicted eye-patch, even the most Bible-thumping of preachers can see Jesus’ metaphorical intent.  But Jesus does want us to see how far we are supposed to go, even when it is difficult, to do the right thing, even when the right thing is in our hearts and minds, and even when we could hide those sins pretty effectively from others, at least for a time, if we tried.  (Of course, hiding our sins, even private ones, instead of confessing them does cause us problems and makes us put up barriers between ourselves and others.)

Then Jesus talks about divorce, and he compares divorce to adultery.  We need to note what Jesus is saying here.  He is saying that divorce causes the same kind of damage that adultery does.  Divorces destroy families and relationships, cause significant pain and suffering to those involved and to those around them, and can result in the same social and economic difficulties, especially for unmarried women in Jesus’ day, as adultery does.  But Jesus is not trying to set up some sort of rule here, or making church laws about when people can get divorced or remarried.  He is saying that if you are married, you are supposed to do whatever you need to do to stay married.  Certainly marriage is hard.  Certainly marriage requires sacrifice.  Certainly marriage is meant to be until death do us part. 

But Jesus is also not saying that marriages never die.  He recognizes that sometimes something has happened that ends a marriage, and he gives the example of unchastity.  This provision isn’t meant to be a legal requirement that people have to prove in order to get a divorce.  Instead, Jesus is acknowledging the painful reality that sometimes a divorce doesn’t destroy a marriage, but merely recognizes what has already happened.  While not meant as an easy excuse not to fight for a marriage, and many marriages are worth fighting for even when there has been infidelity, these verses are also not meant to add to the pain or burden of divorced people, or to keep them from redemptive second marriages.  God is against divorce because of the pain and harm it causes, and most divorced people understand how horrible divorce can be.  Once a marriage has died, God wants to bring healing, redemption and growth, not further punishment, to those involved.

The final topic of today’s portion of the Sermon on the Mount deals with oaths and vows.  Jesus’ instruction is simply to avoid them, for two reasons.  The first reason is that we don’t really have control over the future, so when we swear by things we are making promises to God that we can’t necessarily keep.  In Jesus’ day, people came up with things that sounded important to swear by, but left them some wiggle room.  Instead of swearing by God, they might swear by heaven or by Jerusalem or by the hair on their chinny chin chins. (OK, scripture says “by your head” but same difference.)  Jesus assures us that all creation has some relationship to God, so don’t invoke him when we can’t guarantee what will happen.  The second reason not to swear is that swearing erodes our integrity.  Everything we say should be true, whether we swear or not.  If we say “yes” we should mean “yes”, and say “no” if we mean “no.”  If we are only trustworthy when we cross our hearts and offer to die and let someone stick a needle in our eye if we lie, we’re in trouble already.  Or, as Shakespeare has Juliet say: If thou shalt say aye, then I will take thy word, yet if thou swearest, thou mayest prove false.

Of course, sometimes in court we may need to swear to tell the truth, or to take an oath of office for a position of public service.  These acts are, again, the imperfect legal requirements of a broken world, and we do them when necessary.  But we should never be in a position that our character would make someone believe they need to require that of us.

So if Jesus wants us to change our hearts in these rather difficult ways, how do we do it?  Truly living into the Sermon on the Mount is the work of a lifetime, but these three steps can help.

First, we have to decide we actually want to live like citizens of the Kingdom.  We could just get by in life.  Our culture is certainly awash with insults and swearing and sexual imagery.  We have to decide that being decent people isn’t enough – we want to do the hard work to be saints.  We want to be the people that bring God’s light into the world.  We want to be citizens of the Kingdom of God that is arriving today.  If we don’t make an internal commitment to living a godly life, we will never be able to do the work to transform our hearts and create new habits.

Second, we need to pray.  On the one hand some kind of prayer that lets us sit in God’s quiet presence each day will invite the Holy Spirit in.  The Holy Spirit will then work at easing our anger and turning our desires toward God.  On the other hand, prayer in the moment for other people will help us do what we need to do when we face temptation and difficulty.  If we are feeling angry or annoyed with someone, a prayer for them is better than an insult.  If we find our eyes lingering where they need not be, praying for that person is a good way to remember that they are a child of God.  If we find ourselves about to slip up with our tongue, a quick silent prayer like “Thy word be done,” can be most helpful.

Then third, we can confess when we mess up.  No matter how hard we try, we will sometimes fail, and God’s grace and forgiveness are always available.  If we ask someone to be an accountability partner for us, we can help keep ourselves from going too far of the rails, as well as getting back on them quickly when need be.  If you are interested, please talk with Deacon Randy or me about finding accountability partners.  Knowing that someone else is with us in the struggle, and we are going to tell them when we find ourselves falling, often provides the support necessary to do what God wants us to do when we get weak.  Christianity is not a religion that can be lived alone.  We need to trust each other not only with our strengths and gifts, but also with our weaknesses and failings.  God gave us each other because we need each other.

Jesus has a better way of life for us than the least common denominator of decency.  Jesus wants us to be part of a loving, life-giving, eternal community in the Kingdom of God.  Let us make the decision to live into it, while praying and supporting one another until we reach it.        

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